Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight directly into electricity. Commonly known as "solar cells," these systems already power more than 1 billion handheld calculators, as well as millions of watches, portable lights and battery chargers. Larger, more complex systems provide electricity to pump water, power communications equipment, light homes and operate appliances.

How do PVs work?

The heart of a PV system is a solid-state cell made of semiconductor material like that used in microelectronics. It's usually silicon, the basic ingredient in common beach sand.

The cell's semiconductor "wafer" is specially treated to form a positive electric field on one side and a negative field on the other, and electrical conductors are attached to both sides.

When sunlight strikes the cell, it knocks loose electrons, which are captured in the form of electric current.

Want to know more?

Click on the links below to learn more about Progress Energy's PV initiatives: